3/13/2024 0 Comments Birdgut wrNone of the study species of mistletoe germinated successfully unless the fruit skin (exocarp) was removed, by hand or by passage through a bird gut. Germinability of seeds ranged between species from moderate to high (17-96%). These birds appear to provide reasonably good quality dispersal: fruits were swallowed whole and the seeds later defecated in germinable condition birds tended to visit plants for only 1-2 minutes and eat a few mistletoe fruits each time. The most important bird dispersers were tui, bellbirds and silvereyes. tetrapetala, Ileostylus micranthus and Tupeia antarctica) were investigated. The dispersal, germination and establishment of the New Zealand Loranthaceae (Alepis flavida, Peraxilla colensoi, P.
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